基于十字形阵列和2D-MUSIC算法的Lamb波检测

采用由压电传感器组成的十字形阵列进行Lamb波信号的激励和接收，提出一种二维多重信号分类（2D-MUSIC）方法对铝板中的缺陷进行定位检测。选用合适的频率激励产生单一模态信号，可避免多模态的影响，降低Lamb波的频散；利用2D-MUSIC算法对接收信号进行分段处理，并结合反射信号和二维导向矢量对铝板中的缺陷进行定位。结果表明，提出的2D-MUSIC算法对铝板中的缺陷定位比传统MUSIC算法更精准。     

Evaluation of the localized corrosion on Mg electrode surface by electrochemical noise technique

The symmetrical and asymmetrical electrodes made of Mg were studied in 0.1-M NaCl electrolyte adjusted at pH 12. The statistical and wavelet methods were employed for analyzing the electrochemical current noise (ECN) signals. The asymmetric configuration was used for electrochemical detection of filiform corrosion on Mg electrode. The real time scale of the dominant transients of the asymmetric electrodes was detected on the basis of the maximum peak in the SDPS plots. The SDPS values of the real time scale crystals of the ECN signals resulting from asymmetrical electrodes increased with the increase in immersion time due to the onset of filiform corrosion.     

Compressively sampled light field reconstruction using orthogonal frequency selection and refinement

This paper considers the compressive sensing framework as a way of overcoming the spatio-angular trade-off inherent to light field acquisition devices. We present a novel method to reconstruct a full 4D light field from a sparse set of data samples or measurements. The approach relies on the assumption that sparse models in the 4D Fourier domain can efficiently represent light fields. The proposed algorithm reconstructs light fields by selecting the frequencies of the Fourier basis functions that best approximate the available samples in 4D hyper-blocks. The performance of the reconstruction algorithm is further improved by enforcing orthogonality of the approximation residue at each iteration, i.e. for each selected basis function. Since sparsity is better preserved in the continuous Fourier domain, we propose to refine the selected frequencies by searching for neighboring non-integer frequency values. Experiments show that the proposed algorithm yields performance improvements of more than 1 dB compared to state-of-the-art compressive light field reconstruction methods. The frequency refinement step also significantly enhances the visual quality of reconstruction results of our method by a 1.8 dB average.     

Investigating heat conduction in a sphere with heat absorption using generalized Caputo fractional derivative

In this paper, we study the ρ-Laplace transform and the finite sin-Fourier transform as powerful tools in solving fractional differential equations with generalized Caputo derivative. We use these transforms to solve the time-fractional heat equation with a generalized Caputo fractional derivative associated with heat absorption in spherical coordinates. We obtain the solutions in two cases of Dirichlet boundary conditions. The effect of the parameter $\rho$, which characterizes the generalized Caputo derivative is illustrated through some numerical examples.     

Unconstrained Hand Dorsal Veins Image Database and Recognition System

Hand veins can be used effectively in biometric recognition since they are internal organs that, in contrast to fingerprints, are robust under external environment effects such as dirt and paper cuts. Moreover, they form a complex rich shape that is unique, even in identical twins, and allows a high degree of freedom. However, most currently employed hand-based biometric systems rely on hand-touch devices to capture images with the desired quality. Since the start of the COVID-19 pandemic, most hand-based biometric systems have become undesirable due to their possible impact on the spread of the pandemic. Consequently, new contactless hand-based biometric recognition systems and databases are desired to keep up with the rising hygiene awareness. One contribution of this research is the creation of a database for hand dorsal veins images obtained contact-free with a variation in capturing distance and rotation angle. This database consists of 1548 images collected from 86 participants whose ages ranged from 19 to 84 years. For the other research contribution, a novel geometrical feature extraction method has been developed based on the Curvelet Transform. This method is useful for extracting robust rotation invariance features from vein images. The database attributes and the veins recognition results are analyzed to demonstrate their efficacy.     

基于Copula函数的郑州市夏季双重城市热岛及其影响因素关系分析

城市热环境变化影响城市小区域气候，探究影响因子与其作用机制，可有效减缓城市热岛现象。利用郑州市1960～2017年长序列数据，从相对热岛（RHI）和绝对热岛（AHI）两个层面探究驱动因子降雨（R）、蒸发（E）、建成区面积(B_BUA)、城镇化率(U_UR)的影响关系，利用交叉小波和小波相干探究热岛与降雨的雨热关系，采用Copula函数计算影响因子在不同取值条件下与热岛的遭遇概率。结果表明，相对热岛-相对降雨在短中周期、绝对热岛-降雨在短周期上均呈负相关关系，雨热关系不同步，且绝对热岛-降雨的关系最为显著；影响因子B_BUA、U_UR取值越大，R取值越小，则与RHI、AHI的遭遇概率越大；不同影响因子在不同评价层面，敏感性强弱不同，E在不同层面的反馈机制也不同，可见选取合适评价分析层面，有利于准确量化影响程度。     

Impacts of slip and mass transpiration on Newtonian liquid flow over a porous stretching sheet

This article focuses on analytic solutions for Newtonian fluid flow with slip and mass transpiration on a porous stretching sheet using the differential transform method and Pade approximants of an exceptionally nonlinear differential equation. The impacts of different parameters including mass transpiration (suction/injection), Navier's slip, and Darcy number parameters on the velocity of the liquid and tangential stress are discussed. A comprehensive comparison of our results with the previous one in the literature is made, and the results showed good agreement. An investigation is conducted of a combination of magnetic liquids that are conceivably pertinent for wound medicines, skin repair, and astute coatings for natural gadgets. It is found that there is a decrease in the velocity profiles and the boundary layer thickness for the case of suction.     

ADVANCES IN HIGH-RESOLUTION MALDI MASS SPECTROMETRY FOR NEUROBIOLOGY

Research in the field of neurobiology and neurochemistry has seen a rapid expansion in the last several years due to advances in technologies and instrumentation, facilitating the detection of biomolecules critical to the complex signaling of neurons. Part of this growth has been due to the development and implementation of high-resolution Fourier transform (FT) mass spectrometry (MS), as is offered by FT ion cyclotron resonance (FTICR) and Orbitrap mass analyzers, which improves the accuracy of measurements and helps resolve the complex biological mixtures often analyzed in the nervous system. The coupling of matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization (MALDI) with high-resolution MS has drastically expanded the information that can be obtained with these complex samples. This review discusses notable technical developments in MALDI-FTICR and MALDI-Orbitrap platforms and their applications toward molecules in the nervous system, including sequence elucidation and profiling with de novo sequencing, analysis of post-translational modifications, in situ analysis, key advances in sample preparation and handling, quantitation, and imaging. Notable novel applications are also discussed to highlight key developments critical to advancing our understanding of neurobiology and providing insight into the exciting future of this field. © 2020 John Wiley & Sons Ltd. Mass Spec Rev     

Fourier transform ion cyclotron resonance mass spectrometry at the true cyclotron frequency

Ion cyclotron resonance (ICR) cells provide stability and coherence of ion oscillations in crossed electric and magnetic fields over extended periods of time. Using the Fourier transform enables precise measurements of ion oscillation frequencies. These precisely measured frequencies are converted into highly accurate mass-to-charge ratios of the analyte ions by calibration procedures. In terms of resolution and mass accuracy, Fourier transform ICR mass spectrometry (FT-ICR MS) offers the highest performance of any MS technology. This is reflected in its wide range of applications. However, in the most challenging MS application, for example, imaging, enhancements in the mass accuracy of fluctuating ion fluxes are required to continue advancing the field. One approach is to shift the ion signal power into the peak corresponding to the true cyclotron frequency instead of the reduced cyclotron frequency peak. The benefits of measuring the true cyclotron frequency include increased tolerance to electric fields within the ICR cell, which enhances frequency measurement precision. As a result, many attempts to implement this mode of FT-ICR MS operation have occurred. Examples of true cyclotron frequency measurements include detection of magnetron inter-harmonics of the reduced cyclotron frequency (i.e., the sidebands), trapping field-free (i.e., screened) ICR cells, and hyperbolic ICR cells with quadrupolar ion detection. More recently, ICR cells with spatially distributed ion clouds have demonstrated attractive performance characteristics for true cyclotron frequency ion detection. Here, we review the corresponding developments in FT-ICR MS over the past 40 years.     

回采工作面气体浓度分布统计规律

煤自燃是影响矿井安全生产的主要灾害,而指标气体是预警煤自燃最有效的参数之一。为了掌握采空区气体浓度分布特征,为煤自燃预警提供数据支撑,本文基于统计学理论研究了采空区气体的分布特征,并利用小波变换分析了采空区CO浓度变化的周期性。研究结果表明:采空区内的O_2浓度服从正态分布,CO浓度服从对数正态分布;相同盘区的采空区煤自燃"三带"分布具有相似性,且进风侧漏风带宽度大于回风侧约10m,氧化带宽度比漏风带宽20～30m;采空区CO浓度具有显著的周期性,存在第一主周期和第二主周期,且在第一主周期内,CO浓度变化符合"高-低-高"的分布特征,其分布周期与工作面周期来压时长相同。该研究结果对掌握采空区气体分布规律及煤自燃预警具有重要的工程意义。